After my intense frustration with my knee yesterday, I went home and studied my anatomy books. I think I’ve figured out the problem. I’ll explain, but first a brief anatomy lesson! The illio-tibial tract (commonly talked about as the “I-T band”) runs down the outside of the thigh to the outside of the knee. It is fascia and ligament (both of which don’t stretch like muscles), but it has a muscle inserting into the top, called the tensor fasciae latae (commonly known as one of the “hip flexors”). Understanding this system was vital to explaining many things I know about my practice. First of all, my hip flexors are abnormally built-up (like you can see a large bulge with an elevated straight leg) from all the ballet training- ok, keep the dirty thoughts about “bulges” down for a second! However, they are not flexible, even though the adductors are. This is why I have so much trouble in baddha konasana, but not in upavista konasana. In fact, it’s the sensation in badda k that allowed me to pinpoint my trouble. In that pose, I feel the stretch mostly at the hip flexors and at the outside of the knee. Now, this tensor fasciae latae/IT tract is responsible for actively rotating the thigh outwards when the knee is straight- another dance training issue. However, in the lotus poses, when the knee is bent, it requires that tract to lengthen as the thigh turns out. This lengthening is what allows the knee to “drop” toward the floor in ardha baddha padma pascimottanasana. If the hip flexors don’t lengthen, the knee stays up. Folding forward simply puts more pressure on the system that is not releasing. Hence, my pain in that pose. However, in the marichyasanas (B and D), the elevation of the hip opposite the bent knee means that the knee doesn’t have to drop as far IN THE DIRECTION CONTROLLED BY THE HIP FLEXORS, and furthermore, the folding forward/twisting is in a different orientation to the tract than in ardha baddha padma pascitmottonasana. This is why the marichyasanas didn’t hurt as much as that first half-lotus pose.
So, I now have a target to work on! I will begin stretching the hip flexors every day, and I’m going to get one of those foam rollers to work on the IT tract. That’s one of the only ways to open up that area. It feels great knowing what’s going on in there, and it’s nice to understand why, for my particular case, the standard hip-opening exercises that I’ve been given haven’t had the expected effect. My hips have become more flexible, but not in all the ways necessary for lotus. It’s because I haven’t been stretching the FRONT of the hips, with all the rest. Easy enough to do, now that I know. Funny how I was banging my head against the same wall over and over. I mean, I did change things each time, but I just never really understood the system until all the recommended hip-opening strategies failed to release the side of the knee. I suppose this could fail too, but the only other muscles going into that part of the knee are my quads and hamstrings, both of which are very flexible (I have no problem doing supta virasana, for example). We’ll see, in any case. It’s very motivating when there’s something to work on, as opposed to simply omitting poses and waiting for it to get better.